網站鏈接：https://academic.oup.com/jas/article-abstract/96/2/600/4827736
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skx052
斷奶仔豬對于飼料含有豆粕、甘藍型菜籽粕、芥菜型菜籽粕的偏好性研究
JoseL. Landero, Li Fang Wang, Eduardo Beltranena, Clover J. Bench, and Ruurd T.Zijlstra
翻譯：蔣輝 校對：上海亙泰實業集團
甘藍型油菜粕和芥菜型油菜籽粕（CM）在豬日糧中或許可以取代豆粕（SBM），但是它們的纖維、硫代葡萄糖苷和化學組成不同。本研究開展兩個雙料槽試驗研究斷奶仔豬對含20%豆粕、甘藍型油菜籽粕或芥菜型油菜籽粕日糧的選擇偏好性。
在實驗一，216頭豬（初始體重9.4 ± 1.6 kg）放到27個欄舍里面，每個8頭（4頭母豬，4頭閹公豬）。在實驗二，2144頭豬（初始體重8.9 ± 1.1 kg）放到36個欄舍里面，每個4頭(2頭母豬，2頭閹公豬)。豬只提供3種處理：SBM和甘藍型油菜籽粕對比、SBM和芥菜型油菜籽粕對比、甘藍型油菜籽粕和芥菜型油菜籽粕對比，做一個3×3的拉丁方試驗。通過菜籽油和合成氨基酸調節日糧營養，所有日糧含2.4Mcal NE/kg、4.5g標準回腸可消化Lys/Mcal NE。每個欄舍放置2個自由采食槽，試驗一為粉料，試驗二為顆粒料。總共進行3期比較，每期4天試驗期、3天飼喂普通日糧的適應期。兩個試驗測試飼料偏好性時均會在不同圈中調換料槽中的飼料，并且在試驗二中每天調換料槽位置。在實驗前和不同試驗期之間，試驗一飼喂含豆粕的非試驗料，試驗二飼喂不含豆粕的非試驗料。
總體而言，豬只優先選擇豆粕而不是甘藍型油菜籽粕芥菜型油菜籽粕，優先選擇甘藍型油菜籽粕而不是芥菜型油菜籽粕(P < 0.001)。除了在試驗一中飼喂芥菜型油菜籽粕日糧的肉料比更高外，日糧選擇不會對其它生長性能有影響(P> 0.05)。總之，相對于油菜籽粕，斷奶仔豬更喜歡豆粕，相對于含有更高硫代葡萄糖苷的芥菜型油菜籽粕，仔豬更喜歡甘藍型油菜籽粕。與豆粕和甘藍型油菜籽粕相比，斷奶仔豬雙料槽試驗中飼喂芥菜型油菜籽粕并不會降低采食量、增重和肉料比。
關鍵詞：菜籽粕，飼料偏好，生長性能，豆粕，斷奶仔豬
Feed preference of weaned pigs fed diets containing soybean meal, Brassica napuscanola meal, or Brassica juncea canola meal
JoseL Landero Li Fang Wang Eduardo Beltranena Clover J Bench Ruurd T Zijlstra
Brassicanapus and Brassica juncea canola meal (CM) may replace soybean meal (SBM) in pig diets, but differ in fiber, glucosinolates content and profile. Preference of weaned pigs provided double-choice selections to diets containing 20% SBM, B. napus CM, or B. juncea CM was evaluated in two studies. In experiment 1, 216 pigs (9.4 ± 1.6 kg initial BW) were housed in 27 pens of 8 pigs (four gilts and four barrows). In experiment 2, 144 pigs (8.9 ± 1.1 kg) were housed in 36 pens of 4 pigs (two gilts and two barrows). Pigs were offered three dietary choices: B. napus CM with SBM as reference (B. napus CM [SBM]), B. juncea CM with SBM as reference (B. juncea CM [SBM]), and B. juncea CM with B. napus CM as reference (B. juncea CM [B. napus CM]) in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square. Diets were formulated to provide 2.4 Mcal NE/kg and 4.5 g standardized ileal digestible Lys/Mcal NE and were balanced using canola oil and crystalline AA. Each pair of diets was offered in two self-feeders per pen as mash (experiment1) or pellets (experiment 2) during three test-periods of 4-d, followed by a 3-d non-test period when a common diet was offered in both feeders. Feeders with different diets were rotated daily among pens during preference periods for both experiments, and feeder positions (right or left) were switched daily in experiment 2. Prior to the study and between periods, pigs were fed non-testdiets containing SBM (experiment 1) or without test feedstuffs (experiment 2). Overall in both experiments, pigs preferred (P < 0.001) SBM over B. napus and B. juncea CM diets, and preferred (P < 0.001) B. napus over B. juncea CM diet. Dietary choice did not affect (P > 0.05) growth performance in both experiments, except for greater G:F (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the B. juncea CM [B. napus CM] diets than pigs fed the B. napus CM [SBM] or B. juncea CM [SBM] diets in experiment 1. In conclusion, weaned pigs preferred SBM over CM diets when given a choice, and preferred B. napus over the B. juncea diet that contained more total glucosinolates especially gluconapin. Weaned pigs fed the B. juncea CM [B. napus CM] diets in the double-choice selection did not reduce feed intake, weight gain, and G:F compared to pigs fed the B. napus CM [SBM] or B. juncea CM [SBM] diets.
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