高劑量添加植酸酶對于保育豬生長性能的影響

畜牧編輯

　　2018. J.Anim. Sci. 95(2): 570–578
　　網站鏈接：https://academic.oup.com/jas/article-abstract/96/2/570/4828152
　　DOI：https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/sky001
　　高劑量添加植酸酶對于保育豬生長性能的影響
　　Kiah M.Gourley, Jason C. Woodworth, Joel M. DeRouchey, Steve S. Dritz, Mike D. Tokach,and Robert D. Goodband
　　翻譯： 蔣輝 校對：上海亙泰實業集團

　　總計360頭豬（DNA 200 × 400，初始重5.9 ± 0.1 kg）被用于42天的試驗中，測定高劑量可利用的植酸酶（Natuphos E 5,000 G，巴斯夫公司，弗洛勒姆帕克、NJ）對于保育豬的生長和骨骼灰分的影響。

　　在斷奶時，仔豬根據體重隨機分到欄舍里，8個處理。每個處理9個欄舍，每個欄有5頭豬。日糧分三個時期（0－7天、7－21天、21－42天），對應的配方鈣磷比例分別為：1.07、1.05、0.93。處理組包含一個負對照，對應的3個飼喂階段的日糧分別含有0.4，0.3，0.25%的磷來自磷酸二氫鈣。還有5個處理組是在負對照基礎上添加500，1000，2000，3000或者4000FTU/kg植酸酶。另外兩個處理組是正對照組，三個飼喂時間段含有0.55、0.45、0.4%的磷來自磷酸二氫鈣，以及正對照添加2000TTU/kg植酸酶。正，負對照組配方都做了可消化鈣、磷的平衡，正對照組含有500FTU/kg植酸酶，而負對照組沒有添加植酸酶。在試驗的第42天，從每欄拿出一頭豬進行安樂死，并且取它的右側肋骨進行灰分檢測。

　　從試驗0－42天，在負對照組豬飼喂增加植酸酶含量的日糧，日增重（P=0.064），結束體重（P＝0.082）和料肉比（P＝0.008）都有改善。在加入2000FTU/kg植酸酶的正對照組，在日增重和日均采食量方面沒有影響，但是相對于負對照組，料肉比有改善（P=0.060）。此外，隨著在負對照組植酸酶的增加，骨骼灰分的百分比也會線性增加（p＜0.001），或者在正對照組中添加2000FTU/kg的植酸酶（p＜0.001）。正對照組仔豬改善了日均采食量(P = 0.007)，并且相對于負對照組+500FTU/kg仔豬骨骼灰分百分比增加，但是負對照組+500FTU/kg仔豬相對于正對照組料肉比是改善的(P = 0.032)。總之，在低磷日糧中增加植酸酶可以改善生長性能和骨骼灰分的含量，添加量為1000FTU/kg時效果最佳。當在磷充足的日糧中添加2000FTU/kg植酸酶時，改善的程度有一些差異。

　　關鍵詞：骨骼灰分，鈣，生長，保育豬，磷，植酸酶

      

Effect of high doses of Natuphos E 5,000 G phytase on growth performance of nursery pigs

Kiah M Gourley, Jason C Woodworth, Joel M DeRouchey, Steve S Dritz, Mike D Tokach, Robert D Goodband

A total of 360 pigs (DNA 200 × 400, initially 5.9 ± 0.1 kg) were used in a 42 d trial to determine the effect of high doses of a recently available phytase source (Natuphos E 5000 G, BASF Corporation, Florham Park, NJ) on nursery pig growth and bone ash. Pigs were randomly allotted to pens at weaning by BW and penswere allotted to one of eight corn-soybean meal-based dietary treatments in arandomized complete block design. There were five pigs per pen and nine pens per treatment. Diets were fed in three phases (d 0 to 7, 7 to 21, and 21 to 42) with formulated total calcium:phosphorus (Ca:P) of 1.07, 1.05, and 0.93, respectively. Treatments included a negative control (NC) with 0.40, 0.30, or 0.25% aP from monocalcium P for Phases 1, 2, and 3 respectively; and NC with either 500, 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, or 4,000 FTU/kg phytase. The last two treatments were a positive control (PC) with 0.55, 0.45, or 0.40% aP from monocalcium P for Phases 1, 2, and 3, respectively, or PC with 2,000 FTU/kg phytase. The NC diet with 500 FTU/kg and PC without added phytase were formulated to be equivalent in available Ca and P. On d 42, one pig per pen was euthanized and the right fibula was removed for bone ash analysis. From d 0 to42, pigs fed increasing phytase in the NC tended to have increased (quadratic,P = 0.064) ADG and (linear, P = 0.082) ending BW and had improved (quadratic, P= 0.008) G:F. Adding 2,000 FTU/kg phytase to the PC did not influence ADG or ADFI, but tended to improve (P = 0.060) G:F compared with the PC. In addition, percentage bone ash increased as phytase increased in the NC (linear, P <0.001) or when 2,000 FTU/kg was added to the PC diets (P < 0.001). Pigs fed the PC had increased (P = 0.007) ADFI and tended to have greater (P = 0.099) percentage bone ash than pigs fed NC+500 FTU/kg phytase, but the pigs fed NC+500 FTU/kg phytase had improved (P = 0.032) G:F compared to pigs fed the PC. In summary, increasing concentrations of dietary phytase in a P-deficient diet improved growth and bone ash measurements, and was optimized at 1,000 FTU/kg. There were varied improvements when 2,000 FTU/kg phytase was added in P adequate diets.